High quality Laboratory Labware: PTFE, Glass, Plastics, Porcelain, and Condensers for Chemical Precision
Materials Attributes and Core FunctionsPTFE Labware
PTFE labware excels in extreme chemical resistance, dealing with HF, fuming nitric acid, and bases at 260°C constantly, with beakers (fifty-5000ml) and bottles featuring non-adhere surfaces decreasing cleansing time by 80% by means of reduced 0.05 friction coefficient. Virgin PTFE avoids contamination in PTFE Labware trace steel analysis (<0.1ppb leaching), autoclavable at 121°C indefinitely, opaque white aiding visibility in fluoropolymer reactions. Ideal for Pakistani analytical labs processing corrosives, machined tolerances ±0.02mm be certain vacuum-restricted fittings with no grease.
Glass Labware
Glass labware uses borosilicate 3.three for 166°C thermal shock tolerance, such as volumetric flasks (ten-10L) exact to ±0.05% at 20°C and Erlenmeyer flasks (twenty five-6000ml) for mixing less than stirring. Very clear transparency displays reactions, reduced alkali release satisfies pH-delicate titrations, dry-heat sterilizable to one hundred eighty°C. Important for distillations and reflux, regular in College natural and organic chemistry with ground joints (10/eighteen to 34/35) for leak-no cost assemblies.
Glass Labware Assembly
Glass labware assembly connects by way of typical taper joints with PTFE sleeves for grease-free seals beneath one torr vacuum, forming distillation setups like flask-condenser-receiver with 24/forty sizing for 1L volumes. Clip assemblies prevent breakage, modular for Soxhlet extractors working forty eight several hours, decreasing setup glitches sixty% in teaching environments. Pre-assembled reflux kits contain boiling chips, ideal for necessary oil isolation.
Plastics Labware
Plastics labware employs PP for autoclavable racks (up to 134°C, 100 cycles) and HDPE carboys (20L) resisting 80% HNO3, light-weight at one/fifth glass pounds for Secure transport. PS petri dishes (90mm) disposable for cultures, polycarbonate cylinders affect-immune to drops from 1m. Price tag 70% lower than glass, ideal for large-throughput ELISA with ninety six-very well plates reducing cross-contamination.
Porcelain Labware
Porcelain labware withstands 1450°C peaks in crucibles (ten-1000ml) for muffle furnace ashings, unglazed interiors absorbing molten salts in gravimetry, density two.4g/cm³ blocking flotation. Glazed mortars (100ml) grind samples abrasion-free, reusable 500+ occasions submit-firing cleanup. Utilized in cement labs for reduction-on-ignition assessments, brittle character involves padded storage.
Glass Condenser
Glass condensers aspect Liebig straight-tube layouts (two hundred-600mm) with three hundred-1200cm² cooling area for Glass Labware ethanol distillations at 100ml/hour, borosilicate jackets flowing 2L/min water. 19/38 joints suit round bottoms, productive for simple reflux boiling beneath one hundred fifty°C.
Lab Glass Condenser
Lab glass condensers contain coil Graham sorts (350mm) condensing lower boilers like DCM with 1800cm² spot, cutting down maintain-approximately 8ml for quantitative yields. Allihn bulb variations encourage drip return, common for 500ml reactions yielding 98% purity.